243 research outputs found
Journal Staff
Vad hÀnder nÀr man stukar foten? GÄr ledbandet av eller töjs det ut? Hur lÄng tid tar det innan det Àr lÀkt? Blir det fullt ÄterstÀllt? Man kan tycka att svaren pÄ dessa frÄgor borde vara grundlÀggande kunskap bland lÀkare och sjukgymnaster, men sÄ Àr det inte. FrÄgorna Àr bara skenbart enkla; egentligen kan vi inte svara bestÀmt pÄ nÄgon av dem. Men nu ska vi ÀndÄ försöka. I det följande kommer jag att skriva senor ibland och ledband ibland, men det mesta gÀller bÄde och. Senor kan vara olika och Àven sÄ ledband. I grova drag kan vi dock dra allihop över en kam, om vi utesluter det specialfall som fingrarnas böjsenor utgör
Arthrodesis by percutaneous fixation: patellofemoral arthrodesis in rabbits without debridement of the joint.
Arthrodesis is usually performed with joint resection or at least with removal of cartilage. Our recent experience with successful fusion in all 11 rheumatoid ankles treated only with percutaneous fixation questions the necessity of debridement of the joint before arthrodesis. In this rabbit study we tested the hypothesis that joints fuse because of rigid fixation. 9 skeletally mature loop-ear dwarf female rabbits were operated on. With the knee in about 45 degrees of flexion, two 1.5 mm cortical screws were inserted through the patellofemoral joint in an anterior-posterior direction with the lag screw technique. 3 rabbits were excluded due to technical problems. Of the remaining 6 rabbits, 5 underwent bony fusion and 1 fibrous healing. Fusion was confirmed with Micro-CT in 2 cases and by histological examination in all 5 cases. In those 5 cases, bony fusion was seen in almost all areas with close contact. Therefore, fusion occurred not only in relation to the screws, but also between the screws and in the periphery of the patella. Our findings show that bony fusion can occur in a healthy joint without joint resection or debridement
Where did bone come from?: An overview of its evolution
Bone is specific to vertebrates, and originated as mineralization around the basal membrane of the throat or skin, giving rise to tooth-like structures and protective shields in animals with a soft cartilage-like endoskeleton. A combination of fossil anatomy and genetic information from modern species has improved our understanding of the evolution of bone. Thus, even in man, there are still similarities in the molecular regulation of skin appendages and bone. This article gives a brief overview of the major milestones in skeletal evolution. Some molecular machineries involving members of core genetic networks and their interactions are described in the context of both old theories and modern genetic approaches
Solving DCOPs with Distributed Large Neighborhood Search
The field of Distributed Constraint Optimization has gained momentum in
recent years, thanks to its ability to address various applications related to
multi-agent cooperation. Nevertheless, solving Distributed Constraint
Optimization Problems (DCOPs) optimally is NP-hard. Therefore, in large-scale,
complex applications, incomplete DCOP algorithms are necessary. Current
incomplete DCOP algorithms suffer of one or more of the following limitations:
they (a) find local minima without providing quality guarantees; (b) provide
loose quality assessment; or (c) are unable to benefit from the structure of
the problem, such as domain-dependent knowledge and hard constraints.
Therefore, capitalizing on strategies from the centralized constraint solving
community, we propose a Distributed Large Neighborhood Search (D-LNS) framework
to solve DCOPs. The proposed framework (with its novel repair phase) provides
guarantees on solution quality, refining upper and lower bounds during the
iterative process, and can exploit domain-dependent structures. Our
experimental results show that D-LNS outperforms other incomplete DCOP
algorithms on both structured and unstructured problem instances
Teriparatide improves early callus formation in distal radial fractures: Analysis of a subgroup of patients within a randomized trial
Background Teriparatide (parathyreoid hormone; PTH 1-34) increases skeletal mass in humans and improves fracture healing in animals. A recent randomized multicenter trial of nonoperated distal radial fractures showed a moderate shortening of the time to restoration of cortical continuity by treatment with 20 ÎŒg (low-dose) teriparatide per day, but not with 40 ÎŒg (high-dose). As radiographic cortical continuity appears late in the healing process, perhaps too late for clinical relevance, we studied the qualitative appearance of the callus 5 weeks after fracture
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